How Political Institutions Adapt to Social Change
For centuries, political institutions—parliaments, administrative bureaucracies, constitutional judiciaries, and formal political parties—anchored the Westphalian state through structural permanence. They were engineered for stability, operating through slow legislative cycles, hierarchical chains of command, and physical rules designed to codify societal norms into durable statutes. In the 21st-century network society, that model of static institutional durability faces…